Bangkok burns as Thai violence escalates

Five protesters and an Italian news photographer were killed in the ensuing gunbattles and about 60 wounded.

After Red Shirt leaders gave themselves up to police, rioters set fires at the Stock Exchange, several banks, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Electricity Authority, Central World – one of Asia’s biggest shopping malls – and a cinema that burned to ground. There were reports of looting.

Firefighters retreated after protesters shot guns at them, and thick smoke drifted across the sky of this city of 10 million people.

Sporadic clashes between troops and protesters continued in the night at the site of former protest camp.

The chaos in Bangkok in the wake of the two-month protest will deepen the severe impact dealt to the economy and tourism industry of Thailand, a key US ally and long considered one of the more stable countries in Southeast Asia. The Red Shirts, mostly rural poor, had demanded the ousting of Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva’s government, the dissolution of Parliament and new elections.

A 10-hour curfew came into force in Bangkok and 18 other provinces at 8pm, and the government said army operations would continue through the night in the Thai capital.

It is the first time that Bangkok has been put under curfew since 1992, when the army killed dozens of pro-democracy demonstrators seeking the ousting of a military-backed government.

“Tonight is going to be another worrisome night,” government spokesman Panitan Wattanayagorn said.

The government also imposed a partial media blackout on local TV stations, saying all of them will have to air government-prepared bulletins.

“They might be able to show their regular news programmes. But we are concerned about their live broadcasts from the scenes,” Mr Panitan said. “There will be more (government) programmes ... to be shown simultaneously by all stations,” he said.

Protesters had already turned their rage on the local media, which they have accused of pro-government coverage. They attacked the offices of state-run Channel 3, setting fire to cars outside and puncturing water pipes that flooded the building.

“At Channel 3 need urgent help from police, soldiers!!!” tweeted news anchor Patcharasri Benjamasa. “News cars were smashed and they are about to invade the building.”

Hours later its building was on fire. Its executives were evacuated by helicopter and police rescued other staff. The English-language Bangkok Post newspaper evacuated its staff after threats from the Red Shirts. A large office building down the street from the Post was set afire.

Thailand’s stock exchange would be closed for the rest of the week after rioters set the building’s ground floor on fire, its president, Patareeya Benjapolchai, said.

The exchange, where about $600m (€486m) of shares change hands each day, may reopen on Monday, she said. The central bank, meanwhile, said all financial institutions in Bangkok including commercial banks would be shut Thursday and Friday.

Unrest also spread to the rural northeast and north of the country, where Red Shirts, who claim Mr Abhisit’s government is elitist and oblivious to their plight, retain strong support.

Local media reported protesters set fire to government offices in the city of Udon Thani and vandalised a city hall in Khon Kaen. Udon Thani’s governor asked the military to intervene. TV images showed troops retreating after being attacked by mobs in Ubon Ratchathani. There were also reports of fires and other unrest in the northern city of Chiang Mai, Thailand’s third largest.

Cabinet minister Satit Vongnongteay described the chaos as anticipated “aftershocks”.

“There are violence-prone protesters who remain angry,” Mr Satit told a news conference.

At least 74 people have been killed and nearly 1,800 injured since the Red Shirts descended on Bangkok in mid-March to press their demands. In response, Mr Abhisit offered to hold elections in November, a year earlier than required. Despite initial hopes that could end the stand-off, Red Shirt leaders issued new demands and the protesters stayed put.

Many are supporters of populist former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who was ousted in a 2006 military coup. Thaksin lives in exile after being sentenced in absentia to two years prison for corruption. The government accuses him of having bankrolled the protests.

As hopes for a negotiated settlement to the two-month stand-off faded, and as business losses mounted, the army cranked up pressure last Thursday, trying to blockade the protesters who had camped in the 1-square-mile Rajprasong district. That military pressure sparked violent clashes. Some 45 of the reported fatalities in the unrest have occurred since then.

The final crackdown began soon after dawn today, as hundreds of troops armed with M-16s converged on Rajprasong, where high-end malls and hotels have been shuttered for weeks.

Armoured vehicles crashed through barricades of piled tires and bamboo stakes, then soldiers gradually moved toward the protesters’ hub, opening fire and drawing return fire from militant Red Shirts.

Bullets flew overhead and several grenades exploded near the soldiers, forcing them to pull back and take cover briefly before pushing forward. A Canadian freelance reporter was injured by grenade shrapnel. Two other journalists were wounded earlier, one Dutch man and an American documentary filmmaker. An Italian photographer was killed.

With no hope of resisting the military’s advance, seven top Red Shirt leaders turned themselves in earlier today, saying they cannot see their supporters - women and children among them – being killed anymore.

“Brothers and sisters, I’m sorry I cannot see you off the way I welcomed you all when you arrived here. But please be assured that our hearts will always be with you,” Nattawut Saikua, a key leader, said as he was being arrested.

“Please return home,” he said.

By mid-afternoon, the army announced it had gained control of the protest zone and the operations had ended – nine hours after troops launched the pre-dawn assault – although sporadic clashes with rioters continued into the night.