The National Women's Council says the Government's failure to provide paid paternity leave is one of the reasons why the vast majority of care work is still done by women.
In a report out today, the council says women undertake 86% of childcare duties and 82% of adult care.
It says this impacts badly on women's employment prospects and pensions and also means many women remain economically dependant.
The NWC says paid paternity leave would go a long way towards changing the existing culture where women are automatically seen as the person who has to take up the caring role.