Cardinals gather ahead of vote

Several cardinals were signed up to speak at the closed-door morning session, an indication that they still have plenty to discuss before sequestering themselves tomorrow afternoon in the Sistine Chapel for the first vote.

There is no clear front-runner for a job most cardinals say they would never want, but a handful of names are circulating as top candidates to lead the 1.2 billion-strong church at a critical time in its history.

Cardinal Angelo Scola has serious management credentials, running the archdiocese of Milan – Italy’s largest and most important – and before that Venice, both of which have produced several popes in the past.

He is affable and Italian, but not from the Italian-centric Vatican bureaucracy. That makes him attractive perhaps to those seeking reform of the nerve centre of the Catholic Church, which was exposed as corrupt and full of petty turf battles by the leaks of papal documents last year.

Brazilian Cardinal Odilo Scherer seems to be favoured by the Vatican Curia, or bureaucracy. Scherer has a solid handle on the Vatican’s finances, sitting on the governing commission of the scandal-marred Vatican bank as well as the Holy See’s main budget committee.

As a non-Italian, the archbishop of Sao Paolo would be expected to name an Italian insider as secretary of state – the Vatican No. 2 who runs day-to-day affairs at the Holy See – another plus for Vatican-based cardinals who would want one of their own running the shop.

The pastoral camp seems to be focusing on two Americans, Cardinals Timothy Dolan of New York and Sean O’Malley of Boston. Neither has Vatican experience, although Dolan served in the 1990s as rector of the Pontifical North American College, the US seminary up the hill from the Vatican.

If the leading names fail to reach the 77 votes required for victory in the first few rounds of balloting, any number of surprise names could come to the fore as alternatives.

Those include Cardinal Luis Tagle, archbishop of Manila. He is young – at 55 the second-youngest cardinal voting – and was only named a cardinal last November. While his management skills have not been tested in Rome, Tagle – with a Chinese-born mother – is seen as the face of the church in Asia, where Catholicism is growing.

Whoever it is, the new pope will face a church in crisis: Benedict XVI spent his eight-year pontificate trying to revive Catholicism from the secular trends which have made it almost irrelevant in places like Europe, once a stronghold of Christianity. Clerical sex abuse scandals have soured many faithful on their church, and competition from rival evangelical churches in Latin America and Africa has drawn souls away.

Tomorrow begins with the cardinals checking into the Vatican’s Domus Sanctae Martae, a modern, industrial-feel hotel on the edge of the Vatican gardens. While the rooms are impersonal, they are a step up from the cramped conditions cardinals faced before the hotel was first put to use in 2005; in conclaves past, lines in the Apostolic Palace used to form for using bathrooms.

The dean of the College of Cardinals, Angelo Sodano, will lead the celebration of the “Pro eligendo Pontificie” Mass – the Mass for the election of a pope - inside St Peter’s Basilica, joined by the 115 cardinals who will vote.

They break for lunch at the hotel, and return for the 4.30pm procession into the Sistine Chapel, chanting the Litany of Saints, the hypnotic Gregorian chant imploring the intercession of the saints to help guide the voting. They then take their oath of secrecy, listen to a meditation by elderly Maltese Cardinal Prosper Grech, and cast the first ballots.

The first puffs of smoke from the Sistine Chapel chimney should emerge sometime around 6.30pm Black smoke from the burned ballot papers means no pope. White smoke means the 266th pope has been chosen.