Former German chancellor Angela Merkel said on Tuesday that she tried hard when she was in office to prevent the situation in Ukraine from developing to the current state, adding that she does not blame herself for not trying hard enough.
"It's a great sadness that it didn't work out, but I don't blame myself for not trying," said Ms Merkel, speaking of the 2014 Minsk agreement with Russia. She spoke in an interview with German journalist and author Alexander Osang that was televised by broadcaster ARD.
Ms Merkel, who led the West's imposition of sanctions on Russia in 2014 after its annexation of Crimea, said the Minsk agreement had calmed the situation and gave Ukraine time to become what it is today.
"What would have happened if nobody cared in 2014 and Putin just continued? I don't want to know that at all," she added.
Ms Merkel said there was no justification for Russia's "brutal disregard of international law" in Ukraine, adding that she had been against a plan to let Ukraine into Nato because she wanted to prevent escalation with Russia and Ukraine was not ready.
"That wasn't the Ukraine we know today ... The country was not stable, it was riddled with corruption," she said.
A fluent Russian-speaker after growing up in the former communist East Germany, Merkel drew criticism from the United States and others for supporting the planned Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline, designed to deliver Russian gas directly to Germany.
Trade with Russia
The former chancellor defended her policy of supporting trade with Russia, saying Europe and Russia were neighbours that could not ignore each other.
She said she had grappled with questions about the former Soviet Union throughout her time in office, but it was never possible to end the Cold War.
"We simply didn't succeed in creating a security architecture to prevent that," she added.
Ms Merkel, a conservative, made a brief statement shortly after Russia's invasion in February, but her silence since then has raised eyebrows.
In April, she was criticised for visiting Italy shortly after news of atrocities in Bucha, near Kyiv, rather than taking up an invitation to visit Ukraine.
"Invited to Bucha, driven to Florence", mass-selling Bild newspaper titled a report on her visit.
In the hour-and-a-half interview, the 67-year-old Ms Merkel said she knew the trip would be controversial, but she wanted to make clear that she was no longer the chancellor.
"This trip was very important to me for my process of decoupling from politics."
