New research has found that poor air quality contributes to over 3,400 premature deaths in Ireland each year.
The study by An Taisce reveals that traffic and pollution from diesel cars, buses and trucks is largely to blame for these deaths.
The heritage body said it costs Ireland up to €6.3bn a year, due to days lost in work and education, as well as direct health costs.
An Taisce is urging Government Ministers to work to reform EU law on air pollution.