The Catholic primate of all Ireland says questions need to be asked about whether the EU is really benefiting the lives of its citizens.
Dr Sean Brady was speaking before an Oireachtas committee examining the fallout from Ireland's rejection of the Lisbon Treaty.
He said it was time to query whether the EU was acting as a force for good or imposing unwanted measures against the will of its people.
"Is it possible that citizens experience the EU nowadays primarily in terms of rather intrusive bureaucracy, oppressive legislation and insecure economics rather than as a social project based on fundamental human values," he asked.