The Irish Congress of Trade Unions has demanded that the Government introduce measures to help provide childcare to all Irish parents.
A study conducted by the congress found that more than two-thirds of the 820 parents questioned are paying at least one-fifth of their salary to childminders.
It also found that just 2% have access to childcare services provided by employers.
The survey found that most parents are dependant on informal childminding arrangements with neighbours or friends, but many also have to limit their careers, to work overtime to meet childminding costs and, in some cases, one parent is forced to give up work altogether.